Biological Method

Biological Method mcqs
1. The first step of the biological method?
a) Experimentation
b) Hypothesis formation
c) Observation
d) Data analysis
2. A tentative explanation to a biological phenomenon is called
a) Observation
b) Hypothesis
c) Experiment
d) Conclusion
3. In the biological method, the purpose of experimentation is to
a) Disprove the observation
b) Test the hypothesis
c) Form a new theory
d) Create new organisms
4. What step comes after formulating a hypothesis in the biological method
a) Data collection
b) Experimentation
c) Conclusion
d) Observation
5. Which of the following is NOT a part of the biological method?
a) Observation
b) Hypothesis
c) Intuition
d) Experimentation
6. A group of organisms used to compare against the experimental group is called:
a) Hypothetical group
b) Test group
c) Control group
d) Random group
7. Which step of the biological method helps confirm or reject a hypothesis?
a) Observation
b) Experimentation
c) Conclusion
d) Prediction
8. After experimentation, what is the next logical step in the biological method?
a) Observation
b) Hypothesis
c) Data analysis
d) Theory formulation
9. A scientist observes that a plant grows taller in sunlight. This observation leads to:
a) Conclusion
b) Hypothesis formation
c) Data analysis
d) Experimentation
10. The outcome of the biological method is a well:supported explanation called:
a) Theory
b) Hypothesis
c) Observation
d) Conclusion
11. What is the role of data analysis in the biological method?
a) To interpret the results of an experiment
b) To observe the phenomenon
c) To make a hypothesis
d) To formulate theories
12. Which of the following is a crucial part of designing an experiment?
a) Observation
b) Control group
c) Hypothesis
d) Theory
13. The biological method begins with:
a) Observation
b) Conclusion
c) Data analysis
d) Experimentation
14. If the results of an experiment support the hypothesis, what is the next step?
a) Formulating a new hypothesis
b) Drawing a conclusion
c) Rejecting the hypothesis
d) Repeating the observation
15. A hypothesis must be:
a) Testable
b) Proven
c) Theoretical
d) An observation
16. Which of the following helps improve the reliability of an experiment?
a) Observation
b) Repeating the experiment
c) Hypothesis formulation
d) Making a new theory
17. A hypothesis that is consistently supported by evidence may eventually become:
a) Conclusion
b) Theory
c) Observation
d) Law
18. Which of the following represents a well:defined prediction based on a hypothesis?
a) Observation
b) Hypothesis testing
c) Scientific theory
d) Conclusion
19. What is a scientific method that includes repeated testing and observation of phenomena?
a) Data analysis
b) Biological method
c) Scientific principle
d) Hypothesis formation
20. In a well:designed experiment, how many variables should be tested at a time?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Unlimited
21. What is the definition of a productive theory?
a) An unproven guess
b) A tentative explanation
c) A well:established explanation backed by evidence
d) A proven law of nature
22. Which of the following best describes a productive theory in science?
a) It explains one specific event
b) It leads to further research and generates new hypotheses
c) It does not need experimental evidence
d) It is unchangeable
23. A productive theory in biology must be:
a) Supported by consistent experimental evidence
b) Only based on a single experiment
c) Hypothetical
d) Without scope for further investigation
24. An example of a productive theory is:
a) Darwin’s theory of evolution
b) The formation of hypotheses
c) Data analysis
d) Simple observation
25. What happens if new evidence contradicts a productive theory?
a) The theory is revised or replaced
b) The evidence is ignored
c) The theory becomes a law
d) The theory remains unchanged
26. Which of the following characteristics is necessary for a theory to be considered productive?
a) It must be complicated
b) It must generate new research questions
c) It must never be disproved
d) It must be a law
27. A productive theory must:
a) Predict future experiments
b) Explain multiple phenomena consistently
c) Be limited to one experiment
d) Not allow for testing
28. What is the difference between a productive theory and a hypothesis?
a) Both are the same
b) A hypothesis is well:established, while a theory is tentative
c) A theory is supported by evidence; a hypothesis is an educated guess
d) A hypothesis cannot be tested
29. Which of the following is NOT true about a productive theory?
a) It explains and organizes knowledge
b) It never needs revision
c) It is based on multiple tests and observations
d) It can be replaced by new theories
30. Productive theories often:
a) End scientific research
b) Are based on intuition
c) Lead to new areas of investigation
d) Are immutable truths
31. Inductive reasoning involves:
a) Moving from specific observations to general conclusions
b) Applying general principles to specific cases
c) Ignoring evidence
d) Testing existing theories
32. Which of the following is an example of inductive reasoning in biology?
a) Observing that many animals have similar traits and concluding that they may share a common ancestor
b) Applying the theory of evolution to a specific species
c) Drawing conclusions without evidence
d) Testing a hypothesis in an experiment
33. Deductive reasoning is:
a) Developing new theories from observations
b) Applying general principles to predict specific outcomes
c) Observing specific instances
d) Forming hypotheses
34. An example of deductive reasoning in biology would be:
a) Predicting that a newly discovered mammal will have fur based on the general principle that all mammals have fur
b) Observing several plants growing better in sunlight
c) Developing a new theory
d) Collecting data to support a hypothesis
35. What is the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning?
a) Inductive reasoning is more accurate than deductive reasoning
b) Inductive reasoning starts with specific observations, while deductive reasoning starts with general principles
c) Deductive reasoning is untestable
d) Inductive reasoning only applies to non:scientific fields
About Biological Method
The biological method is the systematic process used by biologists to study living organisms, their interactions, and behaviors in a scientific manner.
- Observation
The first step is observation. It is made with five senses. For example: observing that certain plants grow better in sunlight than in shade.
2.Hypothesis Formation
Based on observations, a hypothesis is formulated.
For example: one might hypothesize, “Plants grow better in sunlight because it provides them with energy for photosynthesis.”
3.Deduction
It is logical consequences of a statements . In biological research, deduction is used to apply established theories or laws to predict specific outcomes.
For example: if we know that all plants require sunlight for photosynthesis (general principle), we can deduce that a specific plant placed in darkness will not perform photosynthesis.
- Inductive reasoning
It involves observing specific instances and making generalizations from them. It starts from specific observations to develop broader theories.
For example, after observing that several species of plants grow better in sunlight, one might induce that sunlight is generally essential for plant growth.
II. Deductive reasoning
It is the opposite of inductive reasoning. It starts from a general theory or principle and applies it to specific cases.
For instance, from the theory that all birds have feathers, we can deduce that a newly discovered species of bird will also have feathers.
4.Experimentation
This step involves conducting experiments to test the hypothesis.
For example, growing identical plants in different light conditions to see how they respond.
5. Data Collection and Analysis
During the experiment, data is collected and analyzed.
Example: measuring the growth rate of plants in sunlight compared to shade.
6 Conclusion
After analyzing the data, a conclusion is drawn about whether the hypothesis was supported or refuted. In this case, if the plants in sunlight grew better, the hypothesis would be supported.
6 Theory Formation
If a hypothesis is repeatedly supported by experiments, it may contribute to the formation of a scientific theory. The theory would explain why and how plants use sunlight for photosynthesis. Productive theory is theory which suggests more hypothesis
7 Law
After rigorous testing and validation, a theory may become a law, a universally accepted fact. For example: Mendel’s Law
Biological Method Biological Method Biological Method (biology and its branches)